Mr. Palm's Science/Social Studies Site
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  • Science
    • 1st Six Weeks >
      • Unit 1 Physical Properties of Matter
      • Unit 2 Mixtures & Solutions
    • 2nd Six Weeks >
      • Unit 3 Energy
      • Unit 4 Force and Motion
    • 3rd Six Weeks >
      • Unit 6 The Changing of Earth
    • 4th Six Weeks >
      • Unit 5 Natural Resources
      • Unit 7 Weather and the Water Cycle
    • 5th Six Weeks >
      • Unit 8 Patterns of Earth
      • Unit 9 Energy Flow in Living Systems
    • 6th Six Weeks >
      • Traits >
        • Q 1
        • Q 2
        • Q3
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        • Q5
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        • Q41
        • Q42
        • Q43
        • Q44
        • Q45
        • Q46
        • Q47
        • Q48
        • Q49
        • Q50
      • Unit 10 Structure and behaviors of Organisms >
        • Adaptations
      • Unit 11 Life Cycles
  • Tx 1st Sem
    • Texas Map Project
    • Regions
    • HOW PEOPLE IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF TEXAS EARN THEIR LIVING
    • American Indians >
      • ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES USED BY EARLY AMERICAN INDIANS IN TX
      • Caddo
      • Karankawa
      • Tonkawa
      • Lipan Apache
      • Jumano and Concho
      • Comanche
    • TX Indian's Reading Cards >
      • Comanche
      • Lipan Apache
      • Karankawa
      • Caddo
      • Jumano
    • Exploration and Mission Life >
      • MOTIVATIONS FOR EXPLORATION AND SETTLEMENT
      • WHEN, WHERE, WHY SPANISH ESTABLISHED SETTLEMENTS AND
      • ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND IMPACT OF SIGNIFICANT EXPLORERS >
        • Cabeza de Vaca (Spain)
        • Francisco Coronado (Spain)
        • René Robert Cavelier
        • Jose de Escandon
        • EFFECTS OF EXPLORATION
    • Colonization of TX >
      • Missions of TX
      • SIGNIFICANT EMPRESARIOS
      • TEXAS’ ROLE IN THE MEXICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
      • CHARACTERISTICS OF GOVERNMENTS AND THEIR INFLUENCE
    • Important People of Texas Revolution
    • People of TX Revolution
    • Major Events of the TX Revolution
    • Battles of the Revolution
    • SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS OF INDIVIDUALS
  • Tx 2nd Sem
    • Republic and Statehood >
      • Important People of the TX Republic
      • Economic Struggles
      • Relations With American Indians
      • Events That Led to the Annexation of TX into The U.S.
    • Civil War and Reconstruction >
      • Civil War and Reconstruction PowerPoint
      • IMPACT OF THE CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION ON TEXAS
      • DEVELOPMENT OF THE FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM IN TEXAS
      • HOW THE FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM WORKS AND EXAMPLES
      • EXAMPLES OF THE BENEFITS OF THE FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM
      • Texas Industries
      • ORIGINS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STATE CELEBRATIONS
    • The Six National Flags of Texas
    • Texas Frontier >
      • The Cattle and Railroad Industry
      • GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT, AND IMPACT OF THE CATTLE INDUSTRY
      • IMPACT OF RAILROADS ON LIFE IN TEXAS
      • EFFECTS ON AMERICAN INDIAN LIFE RESULTING FROM CHANGES IN TEXAS
      • FAMOUS INVENTORS AND SCIENTISTS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS
    • Urbanization >
      • IMPACT OF VARIOUS ISSUES AND EVENTS ON LIFE IN TEXAS
      • ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF NOTABLE INDIVIDUALS >
        • John Tower
        • Scott Joplin
        • Cleto Rodriguez
        • Audie Murphy
        • Stanley Marcus
        • Bessie Coleman
        • Raul A. Gonzales
        • Patillo Higgins
        • Spindletop
        • Impact of Oil and Gas Industry
      • DEVELOPMENT AND IMPACT OF THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY ON INDUSTRIALIZATION AND URBANIZATION IN TEXAS
      • POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF HUMAN MODIFICATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
      • The Dust Bowl
      • Dust Bowl Images
    • Texas Today >
      • PRODUCTS OF TEXAS THAT ARE PURCHASED TO MEET NEEDS
      • CUSTOMS, CELEBRATIONS, TRADITIONS OF CULTURAL,
      • CONTRIBUTIONS OF PEOPLE
      • HOW SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES AND INNOVATIONS HAVE BENEFITED INDIVIDUALS, BUSINESSES, AND SOCIETY IN TEXAS
    • Texas Citizenship >
      • THE MEANING OF PATRIOTIC SYMBOLS AND LANDMARKS OF TEXAS
      • “TEXAS, OUR TEXAS”
      • IMPORTANT INDIVIDUALS
      • HOW INDIVIDUALS CAN PARTICIPATE VOLUNTARILY IN CIVIC AFFAIRS
      • DUTY OF THE INDIVIDUAL IN STATE AND LOCAL ELECTIONS
      • HOW TO CONTACT ELECTED AND APPOINTED LEADERS IN STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
      • Leadership Qualities
      • LEADERS IN GOVERNMENT
    • Texas Environment >
      • Vocabulary
      • WAYS PEOPLE HAVE ADAPTED TO AND MODIFIED THEIR ENVIRONMENT IN TEXAS
      • POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF HUMAN MODIFICATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
  • TX Maps
  • U.S
    • 1st Semester >
      • European Exploration >
        • Why People Move
        • ECONOMIC PATTERNS OF EARLY EUROPEAN COLONISTS
      • Colonial America >
        • New England Colonies
        • The Mid-Atlantic Colonies
      • Colonial Map Project
      • Road to Revolution >
        • The Southern Colonies
        • EVENTS PRIOR TO AND DURING THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
        • CONTRIBUTIONS OF INDIVIDUALS DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD >
          • Founding Fathers
          • John Adams
          • Samuel Adams
          • Benjamin Franklin
          • Colonial Leaders >
            • William Bradford
            • Anne Hutchinson
            • William Penn
            • John Smith
            • John Wise
            • Roger Williams
          • Nathan Hale
          • Thomas Jefferson
          • Sons of Liberty
          • George Washington
          • MOTIVATIONS DURING THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
        • EXAMPLES OF ART, MUSIC, AND LITERATURE DURING REVOLUTION
        • Revolution and Its Effects >
          • RESULTS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
          • KEY ELEMENTS, PURPOSES, IMPORTANCE OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE
          • CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE FOUNDING FATHERS
      • A Nation Is Born >
        • Articles of Confederation
        • CONTRIBUTIONS OF INDIVIDUALS WHO HELPED CREATE THE U.S. CONSTITUTION >
          • James Madison
          • George Mason
          • Charles Pinckney
          • Roger Sherman
        • PURPOSES OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION IDENTIFIED IN THE PREAMBLE
        • Purpose of the Constitution
        • REASONS AND IMPORTANCE OF THE CREATION OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS
      • American Identity >
        • CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE WAR OF 1812
        • U.S. TERRITORIAL EXPANSION
        • Western Expansion Images
        • PATRIOTIC SYMBOLS AND LANDMARKS
        • MEANING OF THE PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE
    • 2nd Semester >
      • Western Expansion >
        • CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE WAR OF 1812
        • Geographic Factors that Influence Patterns of Settlement
        • REASONS PEOPLE MOVED WEST
        • EVENTS AND CONCEPTS ASSOCIATED WITH U.S. TERRITORIAL
        • HOW INDUSTRY AND MECHANIZATION OF AGRICULTURE CHANGED THE AMERICAN WAY OF LIFE
      • A Nation Divided >
        • HOW CHANGES RESULTING FROM THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION LED TO CONFLICT AMONG SECTIONS OF THE U.S
        • Causes of Civil War
        • REASONS FOR LOCATION OF CITIES IN THE UNITED STATES
        • EFFECTS OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND
      • Post-Civil War America (Reconstruction) >
        • Effects of Civil War
        • CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES AND CONTRIBUTIONS OF PEOPLE
        • Challenges and Triumphs of Immigrants in America
        • Challenges and Triumphs of American Indians in America
        • Transcontinental Railroad
        • ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF INDIVIDUALS IN THE FIELDS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY >
          • Benjamin Franklin
          • Thomas Edison
          • Eli Whitney
          • John Deere
          • Alexander Graham Bell
          • George Washington Carver
        • Origins and Significance of Memorial Day
      • Progress: A Bumpy Road >
        • Overview of the Times
        • Women and Their Contributions to Society
        • The Free Enterprise System
        • IMPACT OF MASS PRODUCTION, SPECIALIZATION AND DIVISION OF LABOR ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE UNITED STATES
        • HOW SUPPLY AND DEMAND AFFECTS CONSUMERS
        • HOW SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS HAVE BENEFITED INDIVIDUALS AND SOCIETY
        • List of Inventions and Conveniences from the Late 1800s and Early 1900s
        • Transportation and Trade
        • The Vaccine
        • Labor Day
      • Conflict Abroad and at Home >
        • VARIOUS ISSUES AND EVENTS OF THE 20TH CENTURY
        • World War I
        • The Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression
        • World War II
        • ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF NOTABLE INDIVIDUALS >
          • Dwight D. Eisenhower
          • Franklin D. Roosevelt
          • Tuskegee Airmen
          • 442nd Infantry Regiment
          • ORIGINS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF NATIONAL CELEBRATIONS
        • HOW SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS HAVE BENEFITED INDIVIDUALS AND SOCIETY
      • The United States Today >
        • VARIOUS ISSUES AND EVENTS OF THE 20TH CENTURY
        • VARIOUS ISSUES AND EVENTS OF THE 21ST CENTURY
        • ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF NOTABLE INDIVIDUALS
        • The Race Begins
        • Advancements Because of NASA Research
        • Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
        • Rosa Parks – An Act of Courage
        • Civil Rights Act of 1964
        • Voting Rights Act
  • U.S Maps
  • Government
    • LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
    • Constitutional Scavenger Hunt
    • BASIC FUNCTIONS OF THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
    • SYSTEMS OF CHECKS AND BALANCES
    • THE BILL OF RIGHTS
    • HOW INDIVIDUALS CAN PARTICIPATE IN GOVERNMENT

World War II

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Once again powerful countries formed alliances in the 1930s. The two alliance systems included the Allies and the Axis Powers. The Allies included Great Britain, France, Russia, and the United States. The Axis powers  included Germany, Italy, and Japan. The world was at war and countries placed entire economic, industrial, and scientific resources into the war effort. Even civilians gave their time and effort to the cause. 



Germany‟s leader (dictator) was Adolf Hitler. He was a soldier during World War I and was angered about the losses and war reparations Germany had to pay after WWI. People in Germany experienced, like many other countries at the time, economic depression, and hopelessness. Hitler rose to power within a few years. 
 
Exactly how did the United States become involved in another world war after the majority of Americans were not in favor of ever getting involved in another world war? The most shocking event for Americans was when Japan launched a surprise air attack on the U.S. in Pearl Harbor (naval base in Hawaii) on December 7th, 1941. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt responded to the attack with a quick and courageous decision. In response to the shocking attack, the President and Congress declared war on Japan. The United States officially entered World War II on the side of the Allies. The United States was at war from December 8, 1941 through September 1945.

Several Americans became famous heroes for their leadership, organization, and inspiration of the troops during World War II. General Dwight D. Eisenhower was a brave leader for the troops, as were General George Patton and General Omar Bradley. On June 6, 1944 ( D-Day Invasion) the Allies landed on the beaches of Normandy (France) to liberate the people of France from Germany. It was a massive invasion that took place on 5 different beaches at once. The United States forces landed on two of the beaches: Omaha Beach and Normandy Beach. Their efforts were heroic. By nightfall the Allies were holding French soil and marching on to Germany. Americans fought in many places including France, Germany, Tunisia, Sicily, Italy, Morocco, Burma, Guam, Malaysia, the Philippine Island, and Wake Island against Italy, Germany, and Japan. 

It was air power that changed the war. With airplanes, cities were bombed causing massive destruction and casualties. A group of African American airmen became famous as some of the bravest warriors in the air in spite of being excluded and segregated because they were African American. Eventually, in spite of the hardships and prejudice, they became known as the Tuskegee Airmen or Red Tailed Angels because the protection they provided was superior. The term "Tuskegee Airmen" refers to all who were involved in the Army Air Corps program  to train African Americans to fly and maintain combat aircraft. The Tuskegee Airmen included pilots, navigators, bombardiers, maintenance and support staff,
instructors, and all who kept the planes in the air. 

Americans on the home front did their share of heroic deeds in support of winning the war. Most citizens had to make sacrifices on behalf of the war effort. There were shortages of foods and goods such as tires and sugar, so the government issued ration stamps. Consumers could only purchase goods if they had a ration stamp. People were encouraged to grow their own food and extra food to share in gardens called "Victory Gardens." People also sent care packages to the hungry soldiers who had to live on C-rations during the war. More working women were needed as the factories ramped up for war production. A campaign was launched to attract women into the work force and war effort. The campaign focused on patriotism. Women who took the war related factory jobs were praised.  Rosie the Riveter became a symbol of the women who worked during the war effort.  Women also trained as volunteers to scan the skies to watch for and report enemy
planes and the coastal seas for enemy boats.

Throughout the war, President Roosevelt kept the American people informed through his "fireside chats". There were no televisions at the time, so people listened to the news from radios. Roosevelt‟s "fireside chats"  helped people to know what was going on during the war. Roosevelt had not forgotten that he, as President, was a servant to the people. At his fourth inauguration as President of the United States he stated, "We have learned to be citizens of the world, members of the human community. We have learned the simple truth, as Emerson said, that „the only way to have a friend is to be  one." 

President Roosevelt knew that war times brought destruction and a loss of lives. He also knew they were full of achievement and innovation. The world war years for Americans was also a time when technological developed rapidly. As a result of the war there were many scientific discoveries and inventions in communication, transportation, radar, and medicine that benefit society to this day. Music, art, writing, and journalism changed and grew by leaps and bounds, as well. 

Society changed for women, for minorities and for immigrants, making way for more hopeful exciting lives to come. The war years brought sadness and sacrifice, and they also brought change and new ideas for America. Americans were never the same after living through World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II. Most Americans appreciated having a strong, decisive leader such as President Roosevelt to lead them during these hard times.

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